How Does the Massage Therapist Know You Need Water

Why Drinkable Water Afterward Massage?

No reason! Massage therapy does not flush toxins into the bloodstream, and water wouldn't assistance if information technology did

Many massage therapists believe1 that massage releases toxins into the bloodstream, which can then be done away by drinking h2o after you get off the table. Exactly which toxins and how they are "flushed" by massage or done away past water is completely unclear to anyone. Many therapists know it's all rather vague but employ the precautionary principle: drinking h2o certainly won't hurt, right? No, probably non (although unnecessary worries most dehydration and over-hydrating are bigger bug than most people realize2).

It's polite and pleasant to offer post-massage h2o, but in that location's no biological, detoxifying demand for it. It's about on par with a recommendation to "think positively" or "get for a brusk walk to become your blood moving" — fine things, but tepid medical communication.

This commodity is detailed. For a much faster bout of the topic, just lookout this fun video from Laura Allen, a massage therapist in Rutherfordton, Due north Carolina. I get a big kick out of her folksy 3-minute debunking of this classic massage myth. Her no-nonsense Southern twang and well-called words are perfect for this job!

Laura Allen, Massage Therapist, on Toxins & Massage 3:14

How many massage therapists are still out there telling their clients that massage gets rid of toxins in the torso? On whatever given day on Facebook, I see about half a dozen people making that claim … Would y'all maaahnd sharing with the states exactly how that happens?

Laura Allen, Massage Therapist

Does massage release toxins? Which toxins are these, exactly?

There are real toxins and some legitimate "detoxification" treatments, but casual and devil-may-care utilize of these terms is nearly ever a red flag,three and a strong theme in all the bizarre and medically illiterate "shit massage therapists say."4 It is accompanied by a more or less perfect ignorance of which toxins. Are we talking almost atomic number 82 poisoning here? Pesticides? What chemicals? Dihydrogen monoxide?five Magnesium sulfate?six What?

The toxin-talkers exercise not know. Or, worse, they recollect they know — but give examples that are mythical,vii and/or absurdly farthermost.8

The torso deals with undesirable molecules in many means. It excretes some and recycles others; some are trapped in relatively prophylactic places (sequestering); and quite a few can't be safely handled at all (metals like pb). Most alleged "detox" treatments are focused on supposedly stimulating an excretion pathway, like sweating in a sauna — but sweating is mainly secretory, non excretory (sweating is about cooling, not taking out the trash).ix There are very few truly "detoxifying" treatments that aid the body eliminate or disarm molecules the trunk cannot procedure on its own. For instance, a stomach pump for someone with booze poisoning is literally "detoxifying." So is an antivenom, or chelation therapy for heavy metals.ten

When massage therapists talk (or think) about detoxifying, they need to be much more specific: what molecule, how it normally works, and how massage or water intake supposedly improves the speed or effectiveness of normal biological waste processing (recycling, sequestering, or emptying). So what are some of the specific possibilities?

The existent toxins

A poison is literally any harmful substance, and even something safe in typical doses becomes a poison in overdose (and so you lot tin can be poisoned past either lots of water or a minuscule amount of lead). Toxins are technically poisons produced by living things, like venom or metabolic wastes, but informally the word is synonymous with toxicant.

Of course at that place's a staggering variety of poisons/toxins, but pollutants are probably what virtually people hope to purge. The all-time specific candidates would be the persistent organic pollutants similar pesticides, flame retardants, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, now banned, only formerly ubiquitous in many plastics). Pb is also an alarmingly common environmental poison (and much in the news lately). All of these are indeed constitute in our environment and our bodies, where they more often than not get trapped in fatty and otherwise sequestered.

The idea that massage liberates any of these substances is extremely implausible, and is probably not what is meant past the average massage therapist. Any massage therapist who thinks they are squishing ecology pollutants out of your cells and into an excretory pathway (similar urination) is really far out in left field. At that place is a more than reasonable idea …

Metabolically speaking

When pressed to be specific about what toxins massage is flushing, some therapists will guess "metabolic wastes," the chemical products of cellular activity. The rest of the article will stick to the idea that the only "toxins" relevant to massage are waste matter metabolites.

But it's a large category that isn't much of an answer. Cellular chemistry produces a lot of molecules, with many fates. Technically they are toxins because they are biologically produced, and would be harmful in aberrant concentrations. Simply these are the normal products of biology, and and so most of them are either safely excreted, or actually re-used and re-cycled, not "waste product products" at all …

As in the residue of nature, not much in cellular chemistry is wasted. Most metabolic "wastes" actually have utility throughout a pour of functional interactions. You literally don't want to "flush" these. You want them to go through their normal chemical lifecycle, processed and re-processed. Trying to flush them out would be sort of like trying to better a car engine by getting rid of the exhaust before it hits the turbocharger.eleven Such metabolic by-products are non simply nasty chemicals pooped out past cells that only hang around, stuck in tissue, waiting for your friendly neighbourhood massage therapist to come up along and flush them away.

Lactic acid is the ultimate example.

Lactic acid

It'due south clear that we nevertheless don't accept a set on exactly which toxins therapists might think they are flushing. Let's piece of work with an example of a rock-star-pop waste metabolite: lactic acid, or lactate.

Lactic acrid is the poster boy for the "waste material" metabolites, probably the only i that's a household name, and most massage therapists still presume that lactic acid tin be flushed by massage. This is not a difficult thing to test, and it has been tested, and some results were a bit shocking: non only does massage definitely not "reduce" lactic acid,12 possibly massage fifty-fifty "impairs lactic acid and hydrogen ion removal from muscle."13

Oops.

This is not actually surprising. If people needed massage to assistance them "clear" lactic acid, sprinters would drop like flies without emergency massage afterwards every race. The effect must be pocket-sized or non-existent.

In whatever case, it's worth emphasizing that lactic acid is non the cause of muscle hurting at whatever time. Contempo (2008-2010) research has shown that muscle fatigue and the "burn" that you feel as you practice intensely is probably acquired past calcium physiology, not an accumulation of lactic acrid.fourteen In item, lactic acid does non cause soreness the day after exercise — it's long gone by then.

And in that location's more: lactic acid is really a useful molecule with a productive metabolic fate, not a dead-end waste production. Lactate every bit a "bad" molecule is one of the most persistent silly myths in all of exercise scientific discipline.15

So presenting lactic acid equally some kind of metabolic apparition that massage can become rid of is wrong, wrong, wrong on many levels. And any other metabolic waste is even less likely to fit the pecker. So this is some other nail in the coffin of the biologically illiterate notion that massage somehow "detoxifies."

Just information technology gets worse. At present it's time for a plot twist.

Oh, irony: poisoned by massage!

Photo of a woman receiving a massage. The scene is peaceful, but biological toxic waste hazard symbol is superimposed on her back.

Massage is toxic?

Technically. But and then is good scotch. And difficult exercise.

Not merely is massage non a detoxification treatment in whatever sense, information technology is actually the opposite: a toxifying handling. A picayune bit. Sometimes.

Post-massage soreness and angst (PMSM) is a mutual miracle after any stiff massage. It is probably caused past mild rhabdomyolysis ("rhabdo"), a form of poisoning. True rhabdo is a medical emergency in which the kidneys are poisoned by myoglobin from muscle beat out injuries. Myglobin is a truthful toxin, a biologically produced poison, which we can handle in small doses but offset to struggle with in larger doses.

Many physical and metabolic stresses cause milder rhabdo-like states — even just intense exercise, and probably massage likewise. This is substantiated by a case study of acute rhabdomyolysis caused by intense massage,xvi by many well-documented cases of exertional or "white neckband" rhabdo, and by the potent similarity between PMSM and ordinary exercise soreness (delayed-onset muscle soreness).

A rhabdo cocktail of waste matter metabolites and by-products of tissue damage is probably why we feel a bit cruddy after biological stresses and traumas — even massage, sometimes. It's not that large a bargain. Massage is withal worthwhile. Merely information technology is, technically, a trivial bit toxifying — not de-toxifying.

Nor can massage become rid of whatever rhabdo it causes. You lot tin can't "flush" the rhabdo cocktail abroad with massage, or drinking a petty extra h2o — or whatsoever amount of h2o. PMSM is just an unavoidable balmy side effect of strong massage, just similar soreness after intense exercise. I take a detailed article simply about rhabdo, which explains exactly why it can't be "flushed." The rest of this article explains the futility of flushing in more general terms.

And how is water supposed to assistance anyway?

Even if there are some problematic waste metabolites in your tissues, and even if they tin be mostly liberated into the bloodstream … why would drinking a couple actress glasses of water aid become rid of them?

There's a prevalent and vague belief that drinking water somehow "rinses" your claret vessels or cells … or something. Just your circulatory system is not a simple organization of tubes that you tin flush out past imbibing extra water. This makes most as much sense as calculation fuel to a car to get in become faster.

In fact, fluid balance is quite stable and somewhat contained of modest changes in water intake. Beverage some extra, potable some less — your claret volume will stay almost exactly the same. Your body is an "ugly pocketbook of mostly water," but the total corporeality of water in apportionment — in your blood and between your cells — remains nice and steady. Yous only need so much of the stuff. Just similar your respiratory system excels at maintaining abiding levels of oxygen and claret acidity, your guts cleverly keep your insides just the right corporeality of moisture. Drinking more water than you need doesn't add it to your bloodstream — you just piss away the actress!

The liver and the kidneys are the primary detoxifying organs: this is where almost junky molecules are transformed, disarmed, and/or excreted. And they don't crave extra water to work any more they need extra nutrient to work. Their elaborate chemical science marches on unperturbed, whether you potable iv glasses of water per day or 12. If you are significantly dehydrated, of course you would certainly start to have problems — just liver and kidney failure are not among the early consequences!

The many fates of metabolites

Carbon dioxide is a prevalent waste metabolite, and an piece of cake i to sympathize: your cells produce it via combustion of fuels with oxygen, like a trillion17 teensy machine engines. It may be establish at loftier levels in myofascial trigger points (muscle knots), indicating that they are metabolically "revving."18 To hammer home that this stuff actually is a "toxin," CO2 is also chemically equivalent to acidity: to be CO2-polluted is to be acidic!

But CO2 disposal just has null to do with water, nothing at all. Its fate is completely separate from fluid rest.

Carbon dioxide is processed at extreme speeds — quite "aggressively," because we cannot tolerate much variation in acidity — primarily by a chemical pathway through the bloodstream and lungs: a pathway that does non much involve the kidneys, fluid balance, or fluid excretion. And the amount of CO2 involved in trigger point toxicity is a drib in an body of water of chemistry anyway. Even if massage squished a trigger point's full cargo of CO2 into the bloodstream, that's an infinitesimally pocket-size amount of CO2 compared to the total CO2 produced in a unmarried second by all of the trunk'south cells. We produce and process vast quantities of CO2 constantly, and we do it effortlessly.

So much for that prominent toxin being flushed away past h2o!

So it is with all the other "toxins" in a trigger signal — problematic when concentrated in a patch, they are otherwise little and unaffected by h2o intake in whatever example. Even supposing that squishing a trigger betoken magically forces every molecule of every pain-causing metabolite into the bloodstream (not simply into adjacent intercellular fluids, which is actually more likely), they still wouldn't require further "flushing" by whatever means. Once in the bloodstream, they would be lost similar motes in a sandstorm, joining billions of their metabolic siblings that are routinely produced — and candy — past all the cells of the body, and drinking water has no relevance to those processes.

What virtually "lymphatic drainage"? Isn't that a clear example of detoxifying massage?

No. This comes up in most Facebook debates between massage therapists on this topic. It'southward a crimson herring. Transmission lymphatic drainage (MLD) is a fairly exotic and specialized transmission technique for reducing swelling. Although it is performed with the easily and a natural fit for massage therapists to learn, information technology is not "massage" per se, and the effect is mostly absent from all other kinds of massage. It has a reputation for impressive, visible furnishings on swelling — which have been totally absent from some well-controlled tests,20 or (at all-time) quite a bit less impressive than its reputation would suggest.21

In principle, MLD supposedly stimulates/exaggerates the normal action of the lymphatic system, the primary role of which is not waste product disposal simply the removal of backlog tissue fluids, and then the filtration of lymph through nodules of immune cells (lymph nodes). Lymph nodes are really not at all like the liver, which actually is a "waste material processing plant." The liver is the organ that processes junk in your blood. Lymph nodes are most communicable invaders, foreign microbes, which makes them more like "security check points." Yous can see from this divergence that it'due south not actually correct to say that lymphatic drainage is near "waste removal," even if at that place are some cellular waste products in lymph (and in that location probably are).

Elephantiasis

This is what happens when lymph doesn't catamenia — swelling & lots of it. Not "toxicity." It is easy to find many gruesome pictures of elphantiasis on the cyberspace.

If lymph were critical for waste material removal, then the major impact of failure of lymphatic drainage would be tissue pollution. Simply failures of lymphatic drainage — for instance, drainage can neglect because of surgical harm to lymph vessels and nodes, and indeed that is why MLD exists as a therapy — do not upshot in tissue "toxicity" at all, simply astringent swelling (elephantiasis, in the most extreme cases). It'southward super unpleasant, but it's not an upshot of toxicity.

So MLD isn't actually "massage" equally we normally know it, and doesn't "release toxins/wastes" in any case: that's a gross misrepresentation of the physiology as I empathize it, and cannot be used as an example of detoxifying massage … even if it weren't for the evidence that it doesn't piece of work equally advertised!

A classic case of oversimplification

The thought that drinking water later on massage matters is a hopeless oversimplification, easily undermined by a brief understanding of biochemistry. Metabolic wastes are already ubiquitous in tissue fluids, and they are constantly beingness produced and recycled. While massage has never been shown to accept any significant issue on these processes — except to actually impair lactic acid removal! — it doesn't even make logical sense that h2o would have anything to practice with information technology. Anything the trunk tin can get rid of it is going to get rid of, with or without massage, and with or without whatever extra water.

The trunk is good at handling metabolic wastes, and even many exogenous poisons, without any special help. If it weren't, nosotros'd actually be up the creek.

It'due south certainly prissy to offer patients some water afterward massage, to quench any thirst they may have. But it is not medically of import for any specific biological reason, and it perpetuates several small-scale myths we would be better off without. Massage doesn't really "detoxify." Water doesn't detoxify. And lactic acid is a useful metabolite, not a waste product. Adequate hydration is piece of cake and mild dehydration is not a health take chances.

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Appendix: What do massage therapists really believe nigh detoxification?

A common criticism of this article is that few massage therapists really believe or say anything virtually detoxification at all — that it's a myth that massage therapists believe that massage detoxifies. A myth? It'south reasonable counter-skepticism, but just speculation and contrary to my extensive experience.

I accept an unusually good sense of what "many massage therapists believe" because they tell me, constantly, for many years at present, responding to my widely read website. My email inbox is more than or less constantly filled with examples. Here's 1 that merely happens to be in in that location as I write this, from a discontented massage therapist writing about her clinic:

My boss has an infrared sauna and she wants us all (her staff) to endeavor to get our clients to have regular saunas because they are practiced for 'detoxing the trunk'. She always uses the mercury example of how we must rid our bodies of this insidious substance, citing that most of us have amalgam fillings in our teeth.

I have besides witnessed countless Facebook arguments on this topic — often triggered past this commodity — and in that location is often a militant "detox contingent" that truly, madly, deeply believes detox dogma. For example, here is the outset comment on a Facebook share of this article:

massage stimulates circulation, mechanically and metabolically, which is an enormous factor in "toxin" processing.

But massage does not "stimulate circulation" to any meaning degree (certainly much less than exercise).22 If not a militant "detox contingent," even more inevitable is the innocent question (thoroughly answered to a higher place):

Doesn't it help to flush lactic acid?

Sometimes I take heard massage therapists debate that it's only a minority of bad apples and poorly-trained therapists who make detox claims. However, I was trained in British Columbia when 3000-60 minutes training was standard — past far the well-nigh rigorous massage therapy training program in the earth, much more than analogous to physical therapy programs than the . And that is where I first encountered widespread detox claims and beliefs! And then information technology's conspicuously non a belief that is limited to poorly trained therapists.

Another clue that detoxification claims are non and so rare or mild is that it tends to come up up, with depressing frequency equally an excuse for agin effects. Unpleasant symptoms in the aftermath of massage, fifty-fifty serious ones, are oftentimes attributed to a "healing crisis" brought on past the detoxifying furnishings of massage. I have heard such anecdotes (complaints) countless times over the years from massage therapy consumers; my own clients told me near them many times, and many more readers. For a particularly chilling case, see What Happened To My Barber?

What'south new in this article?

2018 — Added an explanation of toxins versus poisons, better examples of toxins, clarifications about the various fates of metabolic products, and more than detail virtually why sweating isn't excretory/detoxifying.

2010 — Publication.

Notes

Do they really? I substantiate this in an appendix to the article, What do massage therapists actually believe nearly detoxification?
Technically, it can hurt … and even impale. Excessive business about dehydration leads to excessive hydration. And in that location is such a thing as "h2o toxicity," and there have fifty-fifty been some deaths from drinking too much water, prescribed past alternative health care professionals who believe that chronic aridity is the cause of many ills. That is non true. See Water Fever and the Fear of Chronic Dehydration.
The idea of "toxins" is usually used every bit a tactic to scare people into buying de-toxifying serpent oil of one sort or another. Information technology's not that there's no such thing as a toxin — obviously there are toxic substances in the environment. The problem is with the kind of people who toss the idea effectually, the reasons they do information technology (profit), and their consequent and total failures to ever be biologically specific about what they mean. It is and then vague that information technology's literally meaningless, except as a marketing message. Indeed, "detoxification" may be the single most mutual marketing buzzword in alternative health care.
Ingraham. 💩 Massage Therapists Say: A compilation of more than than fifty examples of the bizarre nonsense spoken by massage therapists with delusions of medical knowledge. ❐ PainScience.com. 11683 words.
Y'all get a gilded star if you spot the joke in that location. If yous don't get information technology, please return to class xi chemistry, do not pass become, and do non collect $200. But do read this explanation.
Another joke! Magnesium sulfate is Epsom salt — frequently touted as a detoxifying agent, but this is chemically illiterate and biologically absurd. The irony and the joke is that Epsom salt is actually mildly toxic if you lot eat it or inject it. But bathing in it? Epsom salt in your bathroom makes bathroom water experience "silkier," only that's probably all: information technology's unlikely to be biologically relevant to aches and pains, and it may not even brand information technology through the skin (osmosis is non even relevant, and it cannot "detox" annihilation). See Does Epsom Salt Piece of work? The science and mythology of Epsom table salt bathing for recovery from musculus pain, soreness, or injury.
Mercury from fillings is a classic example. Mercury is certainly dangerous, just dental amalgam fear-mongering is a scam that has been denbunked advert infinitum. See The "Mercury Toxicity" Scam: How Anti-Amalgamists Swindle People.
Environmental lead poisoning is existent and can exist crippling and deadly, merely it is just treatable past chelation, and only partially.
Imbeault P, Ravanelli N, Chevrier J. Can POPs be essentially popped out through sweat? Environ Int. 2018 Feb;111:131–132. PubMed #29197670 ❐ Good quality reporting on this study from National Geographic: "Fact or Fiction: Can You Really Sweat Out Toxins?"
Chelation is one of the few legitimate medical procedures that really does detoxify. However, it is besides fairly express and specific. Chelation is often used equally a quack therapy for alleged toxins that it cannot actually treat. Meet Why Chelation Therapy Should Be Avoided.
A turbocharger reclaims some of the engine's free energy by using the exhaust to ability a fan that forces more oxygen into the engine — positive feedback. It uses "waste" to make the engine work ameliorate. It's a unproblematic principle. If it can exist found in automobile engines, you lot can rest assured that you'll find it in cellular chemistry every bit well.
Crane JD, Ogborn DI, Cupido C, et al. Massage therapy attenuates inflammatory signaling subsequently exercise-induced muscle damage. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Feb;4(119):119ra13. PubMed #22301554 ❐ This instantly famous cistron profiling written report was mostly reported because it supposedly proved that massage "reduces inflammation" (it doesn't, and I explain that thoroughly in another commodity). Although the study was not about lactic acrid, they did bank check that … and establish that "in that location were no effects on muscle lactate levels" with massage.
Wiltshire EV, Poitras 5, Pak G, et al. Massage impairs post exercise musculus claret flow and lactic acid removal. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Jun;42(6):1062–71. PubMed #19997015 ❐
One of the classic claims of massage therapy is that it "aids muscle recovery from exercise … past increasing musculus claret flow to better 'lactic acid' removal." But this 2009 testify shows that just the opposite may exist the case, in at least some circumstances. Information technology was a straightforward experiment: the researchers subjected twelve people to intense mitt-gripping exercises and then measured their blood acidity with and without basic sports massage. Their measurements showed that massage significantly "impairs lactic acid and hydrogen ion removal from musculus following strenuous exercise past mechanically impeding blood flow." Yeah, you read that right: massage impairs.

That'due south quite a surprising issue that applies a firm button to the side of a classic sacred cow of massage lore. (Note that good corroborating testify was published again in 2012: encounter Crane 2012. Or see Franklin 2014 for some contrary evidence.)
See Bellinger, Fredsted, Wiltshire.
NYTimes.com [Internet]. Kolata G. Lactic Acid Is Not Muscles' Foe, It'due south Fuel; 2006 May 16 [cited 21 October 23].
Lai MY, Yang SP, Chao Y, Lee PC, Lee SD. Fever with acute renal failure due to trunk massage-induced rhabdomyolysis. Journal of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation. 2006 Jan;21(1):233–4. PubMed #16204282 ❐ PainSci #54301 ❐
Interesting, short, and readable story of an elderly man who collapsed afterwards an unusually strong massage.

This is i of three case studies of massage-induced rhabdo in my bibliography: run into also Chen and Tanriover.
Or more than. See Ten Trillion Cells Walked Into a Bar.
Shah JP, Danoff JV, Desai MJ, et al. Biochemicals associated with pain and inflammation are elevated in sites near to and remote from agile myofascial trigger points. Curvation Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89(1):16–23. PubMed #18164325 ❐
This meaning paper demonstrates that the biochemical milieu of trigger points is acidic and contains a lot of pain-causing metabolites: this is among the best evidence supporting the energy crunch theory of trigger point germination and/or perpetuation. Information technology's an improvement on an earlier paper from 2005 (Shah), with better methods. It is cogently summarized by Simons, and in my own brusk article: Toxic Muscle Knots.

The validity of these findings have been questioned past Quintneret al. I remember their concerns are justified, but they aren't deal-breakers either.
Armstrong LE, Ganio MS, Casa DJ, et al. Mild dehydration affects mood in salubrious young women. J Nutr. 2012 Feb;142(2):382–8. PubMed #22190027 ❐
This research, funded in part past a giant corporation that sells bottled water, supposedly shows that surprising mild dehydration can brand you a chip pissy and headachy.

The level of dehydration studied hither is similar to what it takes to provoke thirst, and the effects on mood are presumably milder at the lower end of the range. So if the event on mood is significant, we are probably as well thirsty ... and if we're not actually thirsty, the effect is probably pretty pocket-size. That said, I might agree with the author'southward decision that "increased accent on optimal hydration is warranted," but I'k also guessing it's non that big a deal, and I'm inclined to be rather cynical almost it, because the conclusion is just so pitch-perfect for a study funded past a water bottling company.

Mood effects are not to be ignored, for sure, simply they are also a lot less serious than the health effects that people tend to believe (more often than not based on very successful fear-mongering past people selling 'water cures').
Pichonnaz C, Bassin JP, Lécureux E, et al. The effect of transmission lymphatic drainage following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Jan. PubMed #26829760 ❐
Testing manual lymphatic drainage is adequately like shooting fish in a barrel and interesting, because it'due south supposed to have such an objective, measurable upshot on swelling. And then how did five doses of MLD piece of work on 30 patients who'd just had knee surgery (total genu arthroplasty)? Compared to 30 others who got a placebo. It didn't work! No divergence in swelling. MLD bombed this straightforward exam. Alas.

(Come across more than detailed commentary on this newspaper.)
Ezzo J, Manheimer Due east, McNeely ML, et al. Manual lymphatic drainage for lymphedema following chest cancer treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;5:CD003475. PubMed #25994425 ❐
Ingraham. Does Massage Increase Circulation? Probably not, and definitely not as much every bit a little exercise. ❐ PainScience.com. 11246 words.

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Source: https://www.painscience.com/articles/drinking-water-after-massage.php

How Does the Massage Therapist Know You Need Water

Why Drinkable Water Afterward Massage?

Does massage release toxins? Which toxins are these, exactly?

The existent toxins

Metabolically speaking

Lactic acid

Oh, irony: poisoned by massage!

And how is water supposed to assistance anyway?

The many fates of metabolites

What virtually "lymphatic drainage"? Isn't that a clear example of detoxifying massage?

A classic case of oversimplification

Related Reading

Appendix: What do massage therapists really believe nigh detoxification?

What'south new in this article?

Notes

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